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A unique alphanumeric string used to send and receive cryptocurrency. Bitcoin addresses usually start with “1,” “3,” or “bc1” for SegWit addresses.
A distribution of free tokens or coins to a community, usually as part of a marketing or promotional campaign by a new cryptocurrency project.
Any cryptocurrency that is not Bitcoin. Altcoins like Ethereum (ETH), Ripple (XRP), and Litecoin (LTC) offer alternatives to Bitcoin with different features and use cases.
The act of buying a cryptocurrency on one exchange and selling it on another at a higher price to profit from the price difference.
A specialized hardware device designed specifically for mining cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, offering higher efficiency than standard CPUs or GPUs.
A prolonged period during which cryptocurrency prices are generally falling, leading to pessimistic investor sentiment.
The first and most valuable cryptocurrency, created by Satoshi Nakamoto in 2008. Bitcoin operates on a decentralized peer-to-peer network, and its primary use is as a digital currency.
A decentralized, distributed ledger that records transactions in a secure and immutable way. Each block contains a cryptographic hash of the previous block, linking them together in a chain.
A period in which cryptocurrency prices are rising, often driven by strong demand and positive investor sentiment.
A protocol used by blockchain networks to validate and agree upon transactions. Popular consensus mechanisms include Proof of Work (PoW) and Proof of Stake (PoS).
A type of cryptocurrency wallet that is stored offline, providing increased security against hacking or theft. Cold wallets can be hardware devices or paper wallets.
The study and practice of secure communication techniques. In the context of cryptocurrencies, cryptography is used to secure transactions and control the creation of new units.
An organization represented by rules encoded as a transparent computer program, controlled by shareholders, and not influenced by a central authority.
A movement aimed at recreating traditional financial systems—such as loans, trading, and insurance—using decentralized blockchain technology.
An application that runs on a decentralized network, typically using blockchain technology. Ethereum is a popular platform for DApps.
The risk that a cryptocurrency can be spent twice. Bitcoin prevents double spending through its Proof of Work consensus mechanism, ensuring each transaction is verified by multiple nodes.
A standard used on the Ethereum blockchain for smart contracts. Many altcoins and ICOs are based on the ERC-20 standard, ensuring compatibility with the Ethereum network.
Government-issued currency that is not backed by a physical commodity like gold. Examples include the US Dollar (USD), Euro (EUR), and Israeli Shekel (ILS).
A change to the protocol of a blockchain. A fork can be either soft (backward-compatible) or hard (not backward-compatible), often leading to the creation of a new cryptocurrency (e.g., Bitcoin Cash).
A fee required to execute transactions or smart contracts on the Ethereum network. Gas is paid in ETH, and the amount required depends on network congestion and transaction complexity.
An event in the Bitcoin network where the reward for mining new blocks is halved, reducing the rate at which new bitcoins are created. Halvings occur approximately every four years and can impact Bitcoin’s price.
A cryptographic function that converts input data into a fixed-length string of characters. In Bitcoin, each block has a unique hash used to verify its contents.
A slang term in the crypto community that means “Hold On for Dear Life,” referring to holding onto cryptocurrency assets long-term, regardless of market volatility.
A fundraising method where a new cryptocurrency project sells its tokens in exchange for capital. ICOs are similar to IPOs (Initial Public Offerings) in traditional finance.
A process used by exchanges and financial institutions to verify the identity of their customers, often required by law to prevent money laundering and fraud.
A measure of how easily an asset can be bought or sold without affecting its price. High liquidity in cryptocurrency markets ensures that trades can be executed quickly and efficiently.
The process of validating transactions and securing a blockchain by solving complex cryptographic problems. Miners are rewarded with new coins for their efforts. Bitcoin mining requires specialized hardware, such as ASICs.
A type of digital asset representing ownership of a unique item or piece of content, such as art, music, or virtual real estate. NFTs are typically built on the Ethereum blockchain using the ERC-721 standard.
A computer that is connected to a blockchain network and participates in verifying and relaying transactions. Full nodes store a complete copy of the blockchain.
Third-party services that provide external data to smart contracts, enabling them to execute based on real-world information, such as stock prices or weather conditions.
A secret piece of data that allows users to access and control their cryptocurrency. It must be kept secure, as losing the private key means losing access to the funds.
A consensus mechanism where validators are chosen based on the number of coins they hold and are willing to “stake” as collateral. This mechanism is considered more energy-efficient than Proof of Work (PoW).
A consensus mechanism used by Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies, where miners compete to solve complex mathematical problems to validate transactions and secure the network.
A fraudulent scheme where a group of investors artificially inflates the price of a cryptocurrency, then sells off their holdings at the inflated price, leaving others with losses.
The pseudonymous creator of Bitcoin, whose true identity remains unknown. Satoshi Nakamoto published the Bitcoin white paper in 2008 and launched the network in 2009.
A self-executing contract where the terms are directly written into code. Smart contracts run on decentralized blockchain networks like Ethereum and automate complex transactions.
A type of cryptocurrency that is pegged to a stable asset, such as a fiat currency, to reduce price volatility. Examples include Tether (USDT) and USD Coin (USDC).
A digital asset issued on a blockchain, often representing a utility, asset, or voting power in a decentralized application (DApp).
An individual or entity that holds a large amount of cryptocurrency, often enough to influence the market by buying or selling in large quantities.
A detailed technical document outlining a project or cryptocurrency, including its purpose, technology, and development roadmap. Bitcoin’s white paper, written by Satoshi Nakamoto, is the most famous example.
A process in DeFi where users provide liquidity to decentralized exchanges or lending protocols in return for rewards, usually in the form of additional tokens.
A scenario where a group of miners gains control of more than 50% of a blockchain network’s computing power, allowing them to manipulate transactions and potentially double-spend coins.